Introduction: Anemia remains a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly affecting children under five years of age in developing countries. It contributes significantly to morbidity, impairs growth and cognitive development, and increases susceptibility to infections. Identifying clinical patterns and hematological profiles is vital to guide effective prevention and management strategies.

Methods:A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Central India, including children aged 1 month to 14 years admitted between August and December 2019 with anemia at admission. Demographic data, clinical presentation, nutritional status, and laboratory parameters were collected from hospital records. Hematological indices and additional investigations were analyzed to determine anemia types and etiologies. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, and associations were assessed with chi-square tests.

Results: Out of 610 admitted children, 182 (46.2%) were anemic. Male children (53.8%) slightly outnumbered females (46.2%), but the difference was not statistically significant. The highest prevalence was observed in children under five years (76.9%), with most cases showing moderate anemia (48.3%), followed by mild (28.5%) and severe (23.1%). Microcytic anemia was the most common morphological type (61.5%). Nutritional anemia predominated, with 43 cases of iron deficiency and 14 cases of vitamin B12 deficiency. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) was present in 38 children and significantly associated with anemia severity (p = 0.028). Hemolytic anemias, infections, and pancytopenia also contributed to severe presentations.

Conclusion: Nutritional anemia remains the most prevalent and preventable cause of anemia in hospitalized children, strongly linked to poor dietary practices and malnutrition. Enhancing nutrition education, early screening for hemoglobinopathies, and strengthening public health interventions are essential to reduce childhood anemia burden.

Background: Hemorrhoids are a common anorectal condition influenced by dietary behaviors, lifestyle patterns, and pharmacological practices. High-risk groups—such as individuals with chronic constipation, low-fiber diets, sedentary habits, or occupations involving prolonged sitting—are particularly vulnerable.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of diet modification, lifestyle adjustments, and pharmacological strategies on preventing hemorrhoids among high-risk individuals.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from **January to April 2025** among **14 high-risk participants**. Interventions included fiberrich dietary plans, lifestyle counseling, hydration guidance, toilet practice education, and prophylactic stool-softening agents when indicated.

Results: Participants adhering strongly to dietary and lifestyle interventions demonstrated the lowest rates of hemorrhoidal symptoms. Pharmacological interventions showed supportive benefits, particularly for individuals with persistent constipation.

Conclusion: Dietary and lifestyle measures form the foundation of hemorrhoid prevention, while pharmacological interventions act as beneficial adjuncts. Early preventive strategies significantly reduce the risk of hemorrhoid development in high-risk groups.

This study presents the development of a natural Herbal Energy Drink Powder using carefully selected plant-based ingredients, including Red Banana, Fenugreek, Green Tea, Tulsi, Honey, Lemon, Coconut Water, and Black Salt. Unlike conventional energy drinks that rely on synthetic caffeine and artificial additives, this formulation offers a healthier alternative by combining natural sugars, electrolytes, antioxidants, and adaptogens to support sustained energy, hydration, and overall wellness. Each ingredient contributes unique benefits: Red Banana provides carbohydrates and potassium for muscle function; Fenugreek enhances endurance and blood glucose regulation; Green Tea delivers mild caffeine and antioxidants for alertness; Tulsi acts as an adaptogen to reduce stress; Honey offers quick energy through natural sugars; Lemon adds vitamin C for immune support; Coconut Water replenishes electrolytes; and Black Salt balances essential minerals. The powder is produced through a process of drying, grinding, sieving, and blending to ensure homogeneity, solubility, and stability. Evaluation shows the product is easy to mix, palatable with a sweet-sour flavour, and shelf-stable for six months. Functionally, it supports anti-diabetic effects by regulating blood sugar, promotes skin health through antioxidants and vitamins, and boosts energy and stamina naturally without the use of harmful chemicals. This formulation aligns with the global trend towards herbal wellness and sustainable nutrition by combining traditional herbal knowledge with modern scientific methods. It provides a convenient, safe, and effective natural energy booster suitable for daily use during exercise, study, or fatigue recovery, promoting a balanced, healthy lifestyle
 

Liver regeneration is an extraordinary biological phenomenon characterized by the organ’s ability to restore its mass and function after injury, surgical resection, or disease. This process is predominantly driven by the proliferation of mature hepatocytes, regulated by intricate cellular and molecular signaling pathways, and influenced by the local microenvironment, immune response, and systemic factors (1–6). Despite extensive research, many aspects of liver regenerative biology remain to be elucidated, particularly regarding the limited role of resident stem/progenitor cells and the potential contribution of circulating progenitors (7–10). Recent advancements in molecular biology, stem cell technology, biomaterials, and biofabrication are paving the way for innovative approaches such as cell therapy, tissue engineering, and bioprinting to treat liver failure (11–12). Future prospects include the development of vascularized bioengineered organs, gene editing techniques, and personalized regenerative strategies, which may revolutionize the management of liver diseases. Nevertheless, significant scientific, technical, regulatory, and ethical challenges must be overcome before these therapies become clinical reality. This review highlights current understanding of liver regenerative mechanisms, examines emerging therapeutic approaches, and explores future directions in liver tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Dietary habits play a critical role in the development of dental caries in children, particularly the frequent consumption of sugary and cariogenic foods [1-3]. Traditional dietary assessment methods such as manual diet diaries are often time-consuming, inaccurate, and poorly complied with. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and digital health have enabled the use of dietary tracking apps as effective tools for monitoring eating patterns, identifying cariogenic foods, and supporting preventive oral health care[5]. Dietary tracking apps facilitate early detection of high-risk dietary behaviors, provide personalized dietary guidance, and encourage positive behavior modification through motivational feedback. Evidence from published studies demonstrates that such digital dietary tracking methods significantly improve parental awareness, reduce sugar intake, and promote preventive oral health behaviors in children.